In addition to global warming, which has affected the volume of the Indus River, Pakistan’s water shortages are caused by a long history of intensive irrigation regimes and poor drainage practices that have caused waterlogging and soil salinity throughout the countryside. And after dedicating most of its water supply to agriculture, Pakistan is left with only 10 per cent for drinking water and sanitation.
To help address the shortfall, the government has approved a Rs 894.25 billion dam project in the Northern Areas. This project is expected to counter the fact that the capacity of the Tarbela Dam has been declining because of sedimentation. The proposed 272-metre high concrete dam would have a storage capacity of 6.4 million acre-feet and it would irrigate more than 33 million acres.
Can such projects help reverse the water shortage trend in Pakistan? Are new, high-cost dams the best solution for Pakistan’s water problems and related energy crisis? Since new hydroprojects are not expected to payback for decades to come, what can the government do in the meantime to alleviate the suffering of citizens - such as the fishermen of Sindh - whose livelihoods have been affected by chronic water shortages? Or do you think Pakistan is now at the mercy of climate change? What impact do you think water shortages will have on Pakistani society in the decades to come?